Table of Contents: Vol. 45, No. 12 (2006)

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Invited Review Papers

Pioneering Contributions to Applied Physics in the Last Half Century

PREFACE
9001-9010 : Breakthroughs in Improving Crystal Quality of GaN and Invention of the p–n Junction Blue-Light-Emitting Diode
Isamu Akasaki and Hiroshi Amano
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (552K)] [Buy This Article]
9011-9024 : High-Temperature Superconductivity
Shoji Tanaka
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (968K)] [Buy This Article]

Regular Papers & Brief Communications

Semiconductors

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9025-9028 : Effect of Additional Oxygen on Formation of Silicon Oxynitride Using Nitrogen Plasma Generated near Atmospheric Pressure
Ryoma Hayakawa, Mari Nakae, Takeshi Yoshimura, Atsushi Ashida, Norifumi Fujimura and Tsuyoshi Uehara
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (167K)] [Buy This Article]
9029-9032 : New Cu/Mo/Ge/Pd Ohmic Contacts on Highly Doped n-GaAs for InGaP/GaAs Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors
Chun-Wei Chang, Tung-Ling Hsieh and Edward Yi Chang
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (170K)] [Buy This Article]
9033-9036 : Silicon Complementary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors with Dual Work Function Gate
Kee-Yeol Na and Yeong-Seuk Kim
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (142K)] [Buy This Article]
9037-9043 : Analysis of Low Metallic Contamination on Silicon Wafer Surfaces by Vapor-Phase Treatment and Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence Analysis
Ayako Shimazaki, Kunihiro Miyazaki, Tsuyoshi Matsumura and Shoko Ito
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (254K)] [Buy This Article]
9044-9052 : Analysis of Printability of Scratch Defect on Reflective Mask in Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography
Minoru Sugawara, Iwao Nishiyama, Kumi Motai and Jerry Cullins
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (496K)] [Buy This Article]
9053-9057 : Mechanism for Fermi Level Pinning at Electrode/Hf-Based Dielectric Interface: Systematic Study of Dependence of Effective Work Functions for Polycrystalline Silicon and Fully Silicided NiSi Electrodes on Hf Density at Interface
Kenzo Manabe, Takashi Hase, Toru Tatsumi, Heiji Watanabe and Kiyoshi Yasutake
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (145K)] [Buy This Article]
9058-9062 : Effect of H2 Addition during Cu Thin-Film Sputtering
Masahiro Ooka and Shin Yokoyama
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (300K)] [Buy This Article]
9063-9065 : Reduction in Escape Times of Photogenerated Charge Carriers with Asymmetric Intrastep Quantum Wells and Subsequent Improvement in Saturation Optical Intensity (Brief Communication)
Dong-Soo Shin
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (85K)] [Buy This Article]
9066-9068 : High-Performance Polycrystalline Silicon Thin-Film Transistors with Low Trap Density at the Gate-SiO2/Si Interface Fabricated by Low-Temperature Process (Brief Communication)
Daisuke Abe, Satoshi Inoue and Tatsuya Shimoda
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (78K)] [Buy This Article]
9069-9071 : On the Body-Thickness Dependence of the Linearly Extrapolated Threshold Voltage of a Double-Gate Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Field-Effect Device (Brief Communication)
Man Wong, Xuejie Shi and Thomas Chow
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (111K)] [Buy This Article]
9072-9074 : Thermal and Electrical Properties of 5-nm-Thick TaN Film Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition Using a Pentakis(ethylmethylamino)tantalum Precursor for Copper Metallization (Brief Communication)
Nam-Jin Bae, Kyoung-Il Na, Hyun-Ick Cho, Ki-Yeol Park, Sung-Eun Boo, Jeung-Ho Bae and Jung-Hee Lee
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (274K)] [Buy This Article]

Magnetism

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9075-9077 : Synthesis and Characteristics of Fe Nanowires
Jen Bin Shi, Yu Jheng Chen, Ya Ting Lin, Chien Wu, Chih Jung Chen and Jer Yan Lin
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (237K)] [Buy This Article]

Optics and Quantum Electronics

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9078-9082 : Characteristics of Single-Mode InGaAs Submonolayer Quantum-Dot Photonic-Crystal Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers
Hung-Pin D. Yang, I-Chen Hsu, Fang-I Lai, Gray Lin, Ru-Shang Hsiao, Nikolai A. Maleev, Sergej A. Blokhin, Hao-Chung Kuo and Jim Y. Chi
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (275K)] [Buy This Article]
9083-9087 : Effect of Boric Acid Flux and Drying Control Chemical Additive on the Characteristics of Y2O3:Eu Phosphor Particles Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis
Hye Young Koo, Seo Hee Ju, Seung Kwon Hong, Dae Soo Jung, Yun Chan Kang and Kyeong Youl Jung
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (531K)] [Buy This Article]
9088-9093 : Micromachined Silicon Submount for Optical Communication Devices
Yorishige Ishii, Toshihisa Matsuo, Hideaki Fujita, Tetsuo Iwaki, Yoshihiro Sekimoto and Yukio Kurata
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (318K)] [Buy This Article]
9094-9099 : Effect of Palladium Overlayer on Samarium Hydride Thin Film Switchable Mirror: Electrochemical and Topographical Study
Pushpendra Kumar and Lalit Kumar Malhotra
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (281K)] [Buy This Article]
9100-9102 : Apodization Method Owing to the Finite Length of UV Laser Coherence in Fabricating Fiber Bragg Gratings
Yoshifumi Suzaki, Hiromu Iwata, Keisuke Nakayama, Yasuo Mizutami, Makoto Yamauchi, Eiji Izumikawa, Takashi Yokouchi and Seiki Ejima
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (155K)] [Buy This Article]
9103-9107 : Generation of Two Self-Pumped Phase-Conjugated Waves Transporting Different Information Using Single Photorefractive Crystal
Takahiro Takeda, Mihoko Wakui, Kazuhiro Miyakawa and Masafumi Yamashita
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (261K)] [Buy This Article]
9108-9110 : Effects of Growth Process on Structural and Optical Properties of Chemical Bath Deposition Cadimium Sulfide Thin Films (Brief Communication)
Xuguang Li, Wenyi Li and Xiaobing Dong
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (218K)] [Buy This Article]

Optical Properties of Condensed Matter

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9111-9114 : Amplitude Saturation of Coherent Phonon Excited by Field Screening in CdTe
Kunie Ishioka, Masahiro Kitajima, Jun Irisawa, Yoichiro Hironaka, Kiminori Ushida and Kazutaka G. Nakamura
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (214K)] [Buy This Article]

Electrical Properties of Condensed Matter

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9115-9118 : Photovoltaic Effect of Crystalline-Oriented Lead Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate in Layered Film Structure
Masaaki Ichiki, Harumi Furue, Takeshi Kobayashi, Yasushi Morikawa, Kazuhiro Nonaka, Takeshi Nakada, Zhan Jie Wang and Ryutaro Maeda
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (99K)] [Buy This Article]
9119-9124 : Time Dependence of the Mechanical Quality Factor in “Hard” Lead Zirconate Titanate Ceramics: Development of an Internal Dipolar Field and High Power Origin
Yongkang Gao, Kenji Uchino and Dwight Viehland
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (234K)] [Buy This Article]
9125-9128 : Phase Transition in Bi-Layered Oxides with Five Perovskite Layers
Akira Onodera, Seiko Mouri, Masanori Fukunaga, Shogo Hiramatsu, Masaki Takesada and Haruyasu Yamashita
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (164K)] [Buy This Article]
9129-9136 : Dielectric Constants on Mixture Thin Films of Barium Carbide and Barium Nitrate Deposited on Silicon Wafers by Barium Carbonate Electron Beam Evaporation Using Nitrogen Molecular and Ion Beams
Katsuhiro Yokota and Yuuki Teramoto
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (352K)] [Buy This Article]
9137-9139 : Energy Spectrum of Two-Dimensional Electron Gas to be Used in Quantum Cross Structures (Brief Communication)
Kenji Kondo and Akira Ishibashi
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (258K)] [Buy This Article]
9140-9142 : Structural, Dielectric, and Optical Properties of Ni-Doped Barium Cadmium Tantalate Ceramics (Brief Communication)
Hongxue Liu, Shaojun Liu, Victor Y. Zenou, Cameron Beach and Nathan Newman
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (124K)] [Buy This Article]
9143-9145 : Characteristics of Fatigue Induced by Distribution of Defect Charges in SrBi2Ta2O9 Capacitors (Brief Communication)
Dan Xie, Zhigang Zhang, Tianling Ren and Litian Liu
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (112K)] [Buy This Article]

Structure and Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Condensed Matter

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9146-9151 : Fabrication of Twisted Nematic Gratings Using Polarization Hologram Based on Azo-Dye-Doped Liquid Crystals
Shing-Trong Wu, Yi Shin Chen, Jian Hong Guo and Andy Ying-Guey Fuh
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (215K)] [Buy This Article]
9152-9156 : Shear Flow Orientation of Cylindrical Microdomain in Liquid Crystalline Diblock Copolymer and its Potentiality as Anchoring Substrate for Nematic Mesogens
Masatoshi Tokita, Mitsu-aki Adachi, Fumihiro Takazawa and Junji Watanabe
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (227K)] [Buy This Article]
9157-9161 : Crystal Structure and Atomic Arrangement of δ-Phase Sb–Te Binary Alloy
C. W. Sun, J. Y. Lee, M. S. Youm and Y. T. Kim
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (1636K)] [Buy This Article]
9162-9166 : Annihilation of Acceptor–Hydrogen Pairs in Si Crystals Due to Electron Irradiation
Masashi Suezawa, Ken-ichi Kojima, Atsuo Kasuya, Ichiro Yonenaga and Noritaka Usami
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (119K)] [Buy This Article]
9167-9171 : Effect of Electrodes on Force–Frequency Characteristics of Rotated Y-Cut Quartz Resonators
Yun Jing, Xun Gong, Jin Chen, Guiqiu Gong, De Zhang, Xiaoli Shang, Jun Xiong and Jie Duan
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (145K)] [Buy This Article]

Surfaces, Interfaces, and Films

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9172-9179 : Preferentially Oriented Cu[111] Layer Formed on Thin Nb Barrier on SiO2
Md. Maniruzzaman, Mayumi B. Takeyama, Masaru Sato, Yuichiro Hayasaka, Eiji Aoyagi and Atsushi Noya
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (400K)] [Buy This Article]
9180-9184 : Effective Surface Area of SnO2-Sputtered Films Evaluated by Measurement of Physical Adsorption Isotherms
Toshinari Yamazaki, Tomoyasu Furuta, Yanbai Shen, Chengji Jin, Toshio Kikuta and Noriyuki Nakatani
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (169K)] [Buy This Article]
9185-9193 : Strong Electron Emission from Ferroelectric Cathode
Yasushi Hayashi and Eiki Hotta
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (323K)] [Buy This Article]
9194-9196 : Growth Behavior of Dy/Cr Multilayers during Molecular-Beam Epitaxy and Their Structures (Brief Communication)
Yasuhiro Kamada, Hitoshi Tanino, Toshiki Kingetsu and Masahiko Yamamoto
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (111K)] [Buy This Article]
9197-9199 : Thermal Stability of Lanthanum Oxynitride Ultrathin Films Deposited on Silicon Substrates (Brief Communication)
Nobuhito Kawada, Masahiko Ito and Yoji Saito
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (130K)] [Buy This Article]
9200-9202 : X-ray Diffraction Study of Electric Field-Induced Metal–Insulator Transition of Vanadium Dioxide Film on Sapphire Substrate (Brief Communication)
Kunio Okimura, Yusuke Sasakawa and Yusuke Nihei
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (138K)] [Buy This Article]
9203-9204 : Improvement of Permeation of Solvent-Free Multilayer Encapsulation of Thin Films on Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (Brief Communication)
Jin-Woo Han, Hee-Jin Kang, Jong-Yeon Kim, Gwi-Yeol Kim and Dae-Shik Seo
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (87K)] [Buy This Article]

Nuclear Science, Plasmas, and Electric Discharges

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9205-9212 : Nonreciprocal Propagation Characteristics of 671 GHz Submillimeter Wave in Image Guide Consisting of Transversely Magnetized p-InSb Slab
Shinichi Yodokawa, Motoi Takahashi, Satoru Kosaka and Tetsuo Obunai
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (675K)] [Buy This Article]
9213-9215 : Evaluations of Electron Density and Temperature in Atmospheric-Pressure Radio-Frequency Helium Plasma Jet (Brief Communication)
Shou-Zhe Li, De-Zhen Wang, Wen-Chao Zhu and Yi-Kang Pu
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (143K)] [Buy This Article]
9216-9218 : Plasma Parameter Variations in Ion Beam Formation Mode of a Double Plasma Device (Brief Communication)
Mrinal Kr. Mishra, Arindam Phukan and Monojit Chakraborty
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (100K)] [Buy This Article]

Atoms, Molecules, and Chemical Physics

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9219-9223 : High Efficiency Stacked Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Employing Li2O as a Connecting Layer
Hiroshi Kanno, Yuji Hamada, Kazuki Nishimura, Kenji Okumoto, Nobuo Saito, Hiroki Ishida, Hisakazu Takahashi, Kenichi Shibata and Kazunobu Mameno
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (106K)] [Buy This Article]
9224-9227 : Design and Fabrication of Pure Green Color Microcavity Organic Light Emitting Device
F. Ma, X. Liu, C. Zhang, H. Li and L. Wang
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (120K)] [Buy This Article]
9228-9230 : Novel Electron-Transporting Carbazolylphenylquinolines for Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (Brief Communication)
Atsushi Takahashi, Ayataka Endo and Chihaya Adachi
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (153K)] [Buy This Article]
9231-9233 : White Light Emitting Electrophosphorescent Devices with Solution Processed Emission Layer (Brief Communication)
Jeong-Ik Lee, Hye Yong Chu, Yong Suk Yang, Lee-Mi Do, Sung Mook Chung, Sang-Hee Ko Park and Chi-Sun Hwang
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (136K)] [Buy This Article]

Instrumentation, Measurement, and Fabrication Technology

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9234-9237 : Short Term Frequency Stability Tests of Two Cryogenic Sapphire Oscillators
Ken-ichi Watabe, John G. Hartnett, Clayton R. Locke, Giorgio Santarelli, Shinya Yanagimachi, Takeshi Shimazaki, Takeshi Ikegami and Shin-ichi Ohshima
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (97K)] [Buy This Article]
9238-9243 : Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Micro Electro Mechanical System Based Vertical Probe Tips for Micro Pad Measurements
Jaewook Ryu, Jin-Hyuk Kim, Sung-il Chu, SeungHun Lee and Sung Moon
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (349K)] [Buy This Article]
9244-9246 : Surface Treatment of Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) and Perfluoroethylene-propylene by Radiation Grafting (Brief Communication)
Naoki Ito, Atsushi Mase, Noriaki Seko, Masao Tamada, Eiji Sakata and Yuichiro Kogi
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (156K)] [Buy This Article]

General Physics

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9247-9253 : Flow Field Computation for Simplified High Voltage Gas Circuit Breaker Model by Upwind Meshfree Method
Hi Jun Choe, Mu-Young Ahn, Ki Dong Song, Kyong-Yop Park and Seong-Kwan Park
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (279K)] [Buy This Article]
9254-9256 : Distinguishing Bulk-Diffusion from Surface-Desorption Limited Gas Release Processes (Brief Communication)
Ricardo E. Avila
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (85K)] [Buy This Article]
9257-9258 : Improvement in Performance of Stack as Heat Pump of Thermoacoustic Cooling System: Effect of Thickness of Heat Boundary Layer upon Cooling Effect (Brief Communication)
Shin-ichi Sakamoto and Yoshiaki Watanabe
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (70K)] [Buy This Article]

Applied Bioscience

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9259-9263 : Characteristics of Highly Sensitive pH Sensors with Charge Accumulation Operation
Takeshi Hizawa, Kazuaki Sawada, Hidekuni Takao and Makoto Ishida
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (309K)] [Buy This Article]

Nano Science and Technologies

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9264-9271 : Superconductor-Based Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes: Role of Cooper Pairs in Generating Entangled Photon Pairs
Ikuo Suemune, Tatsushi Akazaki, Kazunori Tanaka, Masafumi Jo, Katsuhiro Uesugi, Michiaki Endo, Hidekazu Kumano, Eiichi Hanamura, Hideaki Takayanagi, Masamichi Yamanishi and Hirofumi Kan
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (193K)] [Buy This Article]
9272-9275 : High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy of Structural Change in Carbon Particle Carrying Pt Clusters
Masayuki Shintaku, Hitoshi Suzuki and Chihiro Kaito
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (447K)] [Buy This Article]
9276-9279 : Growth of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Bundles using Atmospheric-Pressure Microplasma
Hiroyuki Yoshiki, Takeru Okada, Kazuhiko Hirai and Rikizo Hatakeyama
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (252K)] [Buy This Article]
9280-9285 : Single Anti-Reflection Coating Optimization with Different Polarizations for Hyper Numerical Aperture Immersion Lithography
Mi-Rim Jung, Eun-A Kwak, Ilsin An and Hye-Keun Oh
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (474K)] [Buy This Article]
9286-9289 : Vibrational Analysis of Organic Molecules Encapsulated in Carbon Nanotubes by Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Yuika Saito, Kazuhiro Yanagi, Norihiko Hayazawa, Hidekazu Ishitobi, Atsushi Ono, Hiromichi Kataura and Satoshi Kawata
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (170K)] [Buy This Article]

Comments & Replies

9290-9290 : Comment on “Confirmation of the Distribution of Measured Values from an Ultrasound Fetal Heart Rate Monitor”
Saralees Nadarajah and Samuel Kotz
Published December 7, 2006
[Abstract] [Full Text PDF (45K)] [Buy This Article]

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