Quick Search: Journal  Author  Title/Abstract  Vol./Year 

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 47 (2008) pp. 11-18  |Previous Article| |Next Article|  |Table of Contents|
|Full Text PDF: FREE (432K)|

Invited Review Paper

Development of Electron Holography and Its Applications to Fundamental Problems in Physics

Akira Tonomura1,2,3

1Advanced Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd., Hatoyama, Saitama 350-0395, Japan
2Frontier Research System, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
3Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Kunigami, Okinawa 904-0411, Japan

(Received May 28, 2007; accepted September 7, 2007; published online January 18, 2008)

We can now utilize the wave properties of electrons to conduct fundamental experiments on quantum mechanics because of the development of brighter electron beams as well as the ability directly to image the quantum world by utilizing the phase information of electrons. In this paper, we describe new possibilities that have been generated by electron-phase microscopy using electron microscopes equipped with coherent yet bright electron beams.

URL: http://jjap.jsap.jp/link?JJAP/47/11/
DOI: 10.1143/JJAP.47.11
KEYWORDS:electron holography, Lorentz microscopy, superconductor, vortex, ferromagnet, Nb, YBCO, Bi-2212


|Full Text PDF: FREE (432K)|  Citation:

References | Citing Articles (2)

  1. D. Gabor: Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 197 (1949) 454.
  2. H. Boersch: Naturwissenschaften 28 (1940) 711 [in German].
  3. M. E. Haine and T. Mulvey: J. Opt. Soc. Am. 42 (1952) 763.
  4. T. Hibi: J. Electron Microsc. 4 (1956) 10.
  5. E. N. Leith and J. Upatnieks: J. Opt. Soc. Am. 52 (1962) 1123.
  6. J. B. DeVelis, G. B. Parrent, and B. J. Thompson: J. Opt. Soc. Am. 56 (1966) 423.
  7. A. Tonomura, A. Fukuhara, H. Watanabe, and T. Komoda: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 7 (1968) 295[JSAP].
  8. G. Möllenstedt and H. Wahl: Naturwissenschaften 55 (1968) 340 [in German].
  9. E. W. Müller: Z. Phys. 106 (1937) 541 [in German].
  10. A. V. Crewe, D. N. Eggenbeerger, D. N. Wall, and L. N. Welter: Rev. Sci. Instrum. 39 (1968) 576[AIP Scitation].
  11. A. V. Crewe, J. Wall, and J. Langmore: Science 168 (1970) 1338
  12. A. Tonomura, T. Matsuda, J. Endo, H. Todokoro, and T. Komoda: J. Electron Microsc. 28 (1979) 1.
  13. A. Tonomura, T. Matsuda, J. Endo, T. Arii, and K. Mihama: Phys. Rev. Lett. 44 (1980) 1430[APS].
  14. A. Tonomura, T. Matsuda, T. Kawasaki, J. Endo, and N. Osakabe: Phys. Rev. Lett. 54 (1985) 60[APS].
  15. K. Harada, T. Matsuda, J. Bonevich, M. Igarashi, S. Kondo, G. Pozzi, U. Kawabe, and A. Tonomura: Nature 360 (1992) 51[CrossRef].
  16. A. Tonomura, H. Kasai, O. Kamimura, T. Matsuda, K. Harada, Y. Nakayama, J. Shimoyama, K. Kishio, T. Hanaguri, K. Kitazawa, M. Sasase, and S. Okayasu: Nature 412 (2001) 620[CrossRef].
  17. T. Kawasaki, T. Matsuda, J. Endo, and A. Tonomura: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 29 (1990) L508[JSAP].
  18. T. Kawasaki, T. Yoshida, T. Matsuda, N. Osakabe, A. Tonomura, I. Matsui, and K. Kitazawa: Appl. Phys. Lett. 76 (2000) 1342[AIP Scitation].
  19. T. Akashi, K. Harada, T. Matsuda, H. Kasai, A. Tonomura, T. Furutsu, N. Moriya, T. Yoshida, T. Kawasaki, K. Kitazawa, and H. Koinuma: Appl. Phys. Lett. 81 (2002) 1922[AIP Scitation].
  20. A. Tonomura, T. Matsuda, R. Suzuki, A. Fukuhara, N. Osakabe, H. Umezaki, J. Endo, K. Shinagawa, Y. Sugita, and H. Fujiwara: Phys. Rev. Lett. 48 (1982) 1443[APS].
  21. A. Tonomura, H. Umezaki, T. Matsuda, N. Osakabe, J. Endo, and Y. Sugita: Phys. Rev. Lett. 51 (1983) 331[APS].
  22. A. Tonomura, N. Osakabe, T. Matsuda, T. Kawasaki, J. Endo, S. Yano, and H. Yamada: Phys. Rev. Lett. 56 (1986) 792[APS].
  23. J. Munch: Optik 43 (1975) 79.
  24. A. Tonomura, T. Matsuda, and J. Endo: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 18 (1979) 9[JSAP].
  25. A. Tonomura, T. Matsuda, and J. Endo: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 18 (1979) 1373[JSAP].
  26. H. Lichte: Optik 70 (1985) 176.
  27. A. Orchowski, W. D. Rau, and H. Lichte: Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 (1995) 399[APS].
  28. S. Frabboni, G. Matteucci, and G. Pozzi: Phys. Rev. Lett. 55 (1985) 2196[APS].
  29. M. Gajdardziska-Josifovska, M. R. McCartney, W. J. de Ruijter, D. J. Smith, J. K. Weiss, and J. M. Zuo: Ultramicroscopy 50 (1993) 285.
  30. R. E. Dunin-Borkowski, M. R. McCartney, B. Kardynal, M. R. Scheinfein, D. J. Smith, and S. S. P. Parkin: J. Appl. Phys. 90 (2001) 2899[AIP Scitation].
  31. D. Shindo, Y. G. Park, and Y. Yoshizawa: J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 238 (2002) 101[CrossRef].
  32. Y. Zhu, V. V. Volkov, and M. De Graef: J. Electron Microsc. 50 (2001) 447.
  33. W. D. Rau, P. Schwander, F. H. Baumann, W. Höppner, and A. Ourmazd: Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 (1999) 2614[APS].
  34. Z. Wang, T. Kato, N. Shibata, T. Hirayama, N. Kato, K. Sasaki, and H. Saka: Appl. Phys. Lett. 81 (2002) 478[AIP Scitation].
  35. H. Lichte, M. Reibold, K. Brand, and M. Lehmann: Ultramicroscopy 93 (2002) 199.
  36. T. Matsuda, S. Hasegawa, M. Igarashi, T. Kobayashi, M. Naito, H. Kajiyama, J. Endo, N. Osakabe, and A. Tonomura: Phys. Rev. Lett. 62 (1989) 2519[APS].
  37. R. P. Feynman, R. B. Leighton, and M. Sands: The Feynman Lectures on Physics (Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1965) Vol. III, p. 1.1.
  38. A. Tonomura, J. Endo, T. Matsuda, T. Kawasaki, and H. Ezawa: Am. J. Phys. 57 (1989) 117.
  39. For example, P. A. Tipler: Physics (Freeman Worth, New York, 1999) 4th ed., p. 509.
  40. R. P. Crease: Phys. World 15 (2002) No. 9, 19.
  41. R. P. Crease: The Prism and the Pendulum: The Ten Most Beautiful Experiments in Science (Random House, New York, 2003) p. 190.
  42. C. Jönsson: Z. Phys. 161 (1961) 454 [in German].
  43. Y. Aharonov and D. Bohm: Phys. Rev. 115 (1959) 485[APS].
  44. C. N. Yang: in Quantum Coherence and Decoherence, ed. K. Fujikawa and Y. A. Ono (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1996) p. 307.
  45. T. T. Wu and C. N. Yang: Phys. Rev. D 12 (1975) 3845[APS].
  46. M. Peshkin and A. Tonomura: Lecture Notes in Physics (Springer, Heidelberg, 1989) Vol. 340.
  47. P. Bocchieri and A. Loinger: Nuovo Cimento A 47 (1978) 475.
  48. P. Bocchieri, A. Loinger, and G. Siragusa: Nuovo Cimento A 51 (1979) 1.
  49. A. Tonomura: Electron Holography (Springer, Heidelberg, 1999) 2nd ed.
  50. Q. Ru, G. Lai, K. Aoyama, J. Endo, and A. Tonomura: Ultramicroscopy 55 (1994) 209.
  51. A. Tonomura, H. Kasai, O. Kamimura, T. Matsuda, K. Harada, Y. Nakayama, J. Shimoyama, K. Kishio, T. Hanaguri, K. Kitazawa, M. Sasase, and S. Okayasu: Physica C 369 (2002) 68[CrossRef].
  52. U. Essmann and H. Träuble: Phys. Lett. A 24 (1967) 526[CrossRef].
  53. P. L. Gammel, D. J. Bishop, J. P. Rice, and D. M. Ginsberg: Phys. Rev. Lett. 68 (1992) 3343[APS].
  54. C. A. Bolle, P. L. Gammel, D. G. Grier, C. A. Murray, D. J. Bishop, D. B. Mitzi, and A. Kapitulnik: Phys. Rev. Lett. 66 (1991) 112[APS].
  55. I. V. Grigorieva and J. W. Steeds: Phys. Rev. B 51 (1995) 3765[APS].
  56. D. A. Huse: Phys. Rev. B 46 (1992) 8621[APS].
  57. A. E. Koshelev: Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 (1999) 187[APS].
  58. A. Tonomura, H. Kasai, O. Kamimura, T. Matsuda, K. Harada, T. Yoshida, T. Akashi, J. Shimoyama, K. Kishio, T. Hanaguri, K. Kitazawa, T. Matsui, S. Tajima, N. Koshizuka, P. L. Gammel, D. Bishop, M. Sasase, and S. Okayasu: Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 (2002) 237001[APS].
|TOP|  |Previous Article| |Next Article|  |Table of Contents| |JJAP Home|
Copyright © 2013 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
Contact Information