Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48 (2009) 061404 (7 pages)  |Previous Article| |Next Article|  |Table of Contents|
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Surface Instability in High Surface Area Complex Oxides: BaTiO₃ Study

Nobuo Sakurai^1,2, Vincent Bojan¹, Josh J. Stapleton¹, Gai-Ying Yang¹, Clive A. Randall¹, Youichi Mizuno², and Hirokazu Chazono²

(Received November 18, 2008; accepted February 28, 2009; published online June 22, 2009)

High quality BaTiO₃ powders that were synthesized with hydrothermal and solid state methods are characterized with respect to surface chemistry. Different characterization techniques are used to obtain a physical picture for the BaTiO₃ powders with respect to different synthesis routes and thermal histories. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are used to understand the BaTiO₃ powders after heat and humidity treatments. Formation of amorphous and crystalline BaCO₃ in local heterogeneous regions depletes the surrounding surface of Ba ions to create larger areas that are Ti-rich. BaCO₃ formation and adventitious carbon adsorption occur extremely quickly on the surface of crushed single-crystal BaTiO₃ powder, but for manufactured powders, the degree of carbonate formation and the impact on surface stoichiometry varies with thermal history.

URL: http://jjap.jsap.jp/link?JJAP/48/061404/
DOI: 10.1143/JJAP.48.061404

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