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Selected Topics in Applied Physics
Centennial Anniversary of Superconductivity
Critical State Theory in Superconductors
Teruo Matsushita
Department of Computer Science and Electronics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan
(Received July 1, 2011; accepted July 30, 2011; published online December 8, 2011)
It is well known that the phenomenological balance equation between the Lorentz force and pinning force determines the electric current flow in superconductors in the mixed state. This equation is derived by using the variation principle for isolated or non-isolated flux line system. It might be questionable if this equation is applicable to practical cases, since it is in principle valid only for reversible states with respect to the flux motion. The statistical summation theory that derives the pinning force density from individual pinning potentials solves this problem. It describes the linear relationship between the pinning force density and the displacement of the flux line system in the reversible state and shows that the irreversible pinning force density is reached at the limit of reversible regime. As a result, the present theoretical treatment with existing theories generalizes the phenomenological critical state model to the critical state theory.
URL:
http://jjap.jsap.jp/link?JJAP/51/010109/
DOI: 10.1143/JJAP.51.010109
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